LEGION HISPANA VIIII

The Legio VIIII Hispana ("from Hispania"), sometimes called Legio IX Hispana, was a Roman legion, the symbol of which is unknown.

It was reconstituted by Augustus starting from the veterans of the Legio VIIII of Gaius Julius Caesar, and disappeared during the second century. 

Conquest of Britain

In 43 he participated in the Roman invasion of Britain, wanted by the emperor Claudius and led by general Aulus Plautius. Under the command of Cesio Nasica, he crushed the first rebellion of Venutius of the Briganti tribe (we are between 52 and 57, at the time of the governor Aulo Didio Gallo). Legio VIIII suffered a heavy defeat under the command of Quinto Petillio Ceriale during the rebellion of Queen Boudica (60-61) and was therefore reinforced with new troops from the Germanic provinces. The last mention of this legion in Britain dates back to 108, when he built a fortress near Eburacum (modern York).

In 117 the legion may have taken part in the suppression of a revolt among the Caledonian tribes in Scotland.

Disappearance

In 120 the VIIII Hispana was replaced at Eburacum by the VI Victrix: for a long time the fate of the legio IX from this date remained unknown, so much so that legends about his disappearance among the Scots developed; [2] in the seventies the discovery of some inscriptions has shown that the legion was transferred to Noviomagus Batavorum (modern Nijmegen in the Netherlands), in Lower Germany, [3] where it remained at least until 131, when it was again moved and probably sent to the East.

The end of this legion was thus hypothesized: on the occasion of the revolt of Bar Kochba in Judea under Hadrian (132-135); or in Armenia or Cappadocia shortly after the death of Antoninus Pius (Lorium, 7 March 161) and following which Rome unleashed a counter-offensive against the Parthians from 162; or during the Catti invasions of 162. Certainly, the legion ceased to exist, at the latest, at the beginning of the joint reign of Marcus Aurelius and Lucius Vero.